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Types of Anxiety Disorders Everyone experiences anxiety and fear at times, but when these feelings are extreme or ongoing and interfere with daily life, they could indicate an anxiety disorder. Psychotherapy or talk therapy and medication are effective treatments. First, see your doctor to rule out any physical conditions that might be the cause of your symptoms. Then, a psychiatrist or another mental health specialist can diagnose the kind of anxiety disorder you are suffering from. Generalized anxiety disorder Everyone is anxious from time to time, and there are a variety of good reasons to be worried about things such as job responsibilities and financial obligations, as well as health. If the worry is constant and consumes your life, it may be a more serious anxiety disorder, also known as generalized anxiety disorder. GAD is characterised by feelings of dread and anxiety that can affect the entire life of a person. They tend to anticipate the worst and assume that minor problems will turn into major catastrophes. GAD can be a problem for anyone, and it usually begins in the adolescent years or early childhood, but can occur at any age. It is twice as prevalent for women and those who are assigned to be female at birth, as it is in males. GAD can lead to physical discomforts, such as headaches and stomachaches. It can also make it difficult to sleep. It can also affect social and work-related activities, leading people to withdraw from family or friends and cause the loss of self-esteem. People who suffer from chronic and severe GAD are more likely to experience depression however treatment can help treat both disorders. While the specific cause of anxiety disorders is unknown, they appear to be related to genes and changes in brain structure that affect the way your body responds to stress. Some experts believe that a lack of neurotransmitters in the brain may play a role as well. Although there isn't a cure for GAD, the condition can be controlled with psychotherapy (talk therapy) and medications. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, is a variety of treatments that teach you to identify and modify negative thoughts, emotions, and behaviours. Cognitive behavior therapy is a form of therapy that can help you manage your thoughts that are untrue and lessen your fear by challenging them. Some physical symptoms such as heart palpitations or dizziness could be relieved by medications. They include antidepressants, benzodiazepines as well as some medications that treat seizures, like hydroxyzine. GAD can be difficult to recognize however, you should seek help when you are worried or if other symptoms of the disorder are noticeable. It is much easier to treat when you seek assistance early, before anxiety and physical symptoms begin to take over your life. Panic disorder This type of anxiety disorder is defined by frequent episodes of extreme terror and fear that can reach their peak in a matter of minutes (panic attacks). People with this disorder may also feel chest discomfort, shortness of breath or feeling like their heart is pounding or it is fluttering (“heart palpitations”). They may be concerned that the symptoms they are experiencing could be signs of a heart attack. People with panic disorder are at risk of developing other anxiety disorders and could be at increased risk of depression and other health issues, such as asthma or hyperthyroidism. The root cause of anxiety disorders isn't known however, experts believe that they develop from a combination of factors. Some research suggests they may be related to faulty brain circuits that regulate emotions and fear. Other studies suggest that life experiences, genetics such as childhood abuse or traumatic events are the most common causes of anxiety disorder. Many people with anxiety disorders have a first degree family member who suffers from the condition. People suffering from anxiety disorders can be anxious all the time, even when they know that their fears are unfounded. This can lead to difficulty in social situations, work or at school. People with anxiety disorders may also have difficulty sleeping or eating well. They may also experience tension in the muscles, irritability and difficulties concentrating. A person suffering from generalized anxiety disorder is likely to experience a variety of worries about daily tasks, like work responsibilities or family issues. They may also be irritable, easily fatigued or have trouble concentrating. They might also be concerned about their security or that of others. There are effective treatments for anxiety disorders . The treatments include medications psychotherapy, psychotherapy, and other complementary health techniques. A mental health professional can help determine what disorder is causing your symptoms and suggest the best treatment. Talk therapy or psychotherapy can help you deal with anxiety and lessen anxiety attacks. There are a variety of psychotherapy options available, including cognitive behavioral therapy and exposure response prevention. These treatments can be carried out in groups or individually. Social anxiety disorder Although many people feel shy or nervous in certain situations, social anxiety disorder causes such intense fear, anxiety and avoidance of social interactions that it interferes with daily life routines. It usually starts in the early years of childhood, but it can also appear in early adulthood. It is usually manifested as a fear of certain social situations, such as talking in class or going on a date, or it may be more generalized, and include the avoidance of situations that could cause being judged by other people. While the person with SAD recognizes that their fear is not rational, they are unable to overcome it. They attempt to control their symptoms by avoiding anxiety-provoking situations, but this makes them more anxious in the long term. They may also develop “safety behaviours” to help reduce anxiety, for example, drinking alcohol, staying silent and avoid eye contact. Certain people suffering from SAD might benefit from taking medication in addition to psychotherapy. These antidepressants can help balance certain neurotransmitters in the brain. Some examples of these medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). It is essential that you or someone you love receives treatment when they suffer from social anxiety disorder. Untreated, the condition can be debilitating, and can lead to other mental health issues like depression or addiction to substances. If you or someone you know has suicidal thoughts, call 911 or your local crisis line, or text TALK to 741741 to talk with a trained crisis counselor. Anxiety disorders are extremely treatable but only one in 4 people who need treatment receive it. The main barriers to treatment are lack of awareness that anxiety disorders are real, a lack of investment in mental health services and stigma. It is also essential that your healthcare provider is aware of the various types of anxiety disorders to ensure you receive proper diagnosis and treatment. If you're not sure whether you suffer from an anxiety disorder, ask your doctor to refer you to an expert in mental health or utilize an online screening tool. Specific phobias A person who has a specific phobia has a persistent and a heightened fear of one or more of the following: objects, situations animals or even other people. These fears are usually out of proportion with the danger that the object or event presents, but they may cause anxiety and disrupt the daily activities of. Specific phobias are different from other anxiety disorders due to the fact that they cause anxiety around a single stimulus, rather than multiple stimuli. The feared situation or object could be anything, from heights to dogs or flying, injections to flying and areas that are crowded. This condition occurs worldwide, more often in men than women, and can start in adolescence or childhood. Certain phobias aren't just irrational fears however, the fear is still very real. Children with specific fears usually outgrow them. However when the fear persists in adulthood, it can be difficult to treat. Doctors diagnose the disorder by evaluating the symptoms and how they impact the way they function in their daily lives. Before diagnosing a phobia doctors are able to rule out other disorders with similar symptoms like agoraphobia, or social anxiety disorder. In the past DSM editions, patients of adult age had to acknowledge their irrational fear as part of the diagnosis, but the 2013 edition says this is no longer necessary for adults. Treatment options for certain phobias include cognitive behavior therapy and exposure-based therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy is focused on altering the way people react to their fears and teaches them healthier ways to cope. Exposure-based treatment involves gradual and systematic exposure to the subject or event that you are afraid of. The patient might begin by thinking about the object or situation before moving on to looking at images of the subject, then taking steps towards it (such as walking by an elevator) or holding an imaginary snake, going to a zoo and looking at real snakes, and then riding in a crowded elevator. Although this type of therapy cannot cure a phobia however it can greatly reduce the intensity of the symptoms. Psychotherapy and medications like antidepressants or anti-anxiety medication are also options for treating certain phobias. People with specific phobias who try these therapies frequently experience better outcomes.